Контрольная работа № 1 по предмету английский язык.

Контрольная работа № 1 по предмету английский язык.

I. Переведите письменно следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление сослагательного наклонения в простых и сложных предложениях.

1.   Success attend you.
2.   Long live the people of this country.
3.   Blessed be the land that gave birth to this writer.
4.   It is necessary that people apply scientific knowledge to practically all fields of human activity now.
5.   It is advisable that the seller knew all the methods of marketing.
6.   We wouldn't have any money if we did not work.
7.   If I were you I would not buy things here.
8.   I wish my house were larger.
9.   I'd like to have a talk with you.
10.     Would you like to come for a walk?


II.   Определите наклонение в следующих условных предложениях и переведите их письменно на русский язык.

1.   If a liquid is heated, it will usually expand.
2.   If sufficient heat is applied over a long enough period of time, the electrons will leave the metal and fly off into space.
3.   If he had had more free time, he would have written this letter.
4.   If the earth mass were twice as great as it is, it would attract the ten-kilogram weight twice as strongly.
5.   If the President of the firm had wanted to have business talks on Wednesday, he would have invited the customers on that day.
6.   If you increased the order they would reduce the price.
7.   If I were you I would be interested in buying these goods.
8.   If the weather is good we shall go to the park tomorrow.

III.   Прочтите текст, найдите в нем условные предложения, подчеркните их, сделайте письменный перевод текста на русский язык.

If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You would be very lucky if he let you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden I found "this note on my car: «Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a «No Parking» area. You would enjoy your stay here if you paid attention to our street signs.This note is only a reminder». If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it.

IV.   Переведите письменно следующие предложения с английского языка на русский, обращая внимание на подчеркнутые словосочетания.
1.   You should have seen the news programme on television yesterday, it was very interesting.
2.   The company must have shipped the goods in May, but we have not received them yet.   ¥
3.   They may have discussed the terms of the contract by this time.
4.   The manager could not have made the appointment with the President of this firm for today as he went on business yesterday.
5.   The appointment must have been made for Wednesday.
6.   He cannot have asked such a foolish question.

V. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, подчеркнув сочетания модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов с инфинитивом.

1.   Не was taken from school and for some time he had to help his father in the trade.
2.   Extracts from different books were to be sent by post.
3.   During the first years of Shakespeare's life in London he had to go through many hardships.
4.   All the preparations should be completed in a week.
5.   This scientist may publish a new article soon.
6.   This student can speak two languages.

VI Прочтите текст, выпишите предложения с модальными глаголами в сочетании с Passive Infinitive и Perfect Infinitive, а также условные предложения в сослагательном наклонении и переведите их письменно на русский язык.

A market is a set of arrangements through which prices guide resource allocation and by which buyers and sellers can perform a contract, exchanging goods and services. The first part of this definition may have seemed very general. To show how important this role is we can have asked ourselves a question: How would resources be allocated if markets did not exist? If there were no markets. Well, let's have a quick look at three kinds of economy to help us answer the question.

First we shall regard the command economy. This kind of economy is a society where the government takes all the decisions. The government decides the problems of production and consumption. In practice that means that a government should decide what will be produced and also for whom it must be produced. The same government planning office then tells households, firms or companies and workers what it has decided.

Planning of this kind is obviously very difficult and complicated to do. And the result is that there is no society which can be completely a command economy. But in many countries such as the Soviet Union there was a large amount of central planning and direction. In such countries the state owns land and factories and can make the most important decisions about what people should consume and how goods should be produced and how much people should work. This kind of economy cannot have been a success.

The second kind of economy is what is called a free market. Markets in which governments do not intervene are called free markets. In a free market individual people can be free and pursue their own interests. They could have become millionaires and some of them really do. The basic idea behind the free market is this: if you, for example, want to be a millionaire, you, let's say, invent a new kind of a car.You want to make money out of it, in your own interests. But when you have that car produced, you are in fact moving the production possibility frontier outwards. You actually make society better off by creating new jobs and opportunities, even though you could become a millionaire in the process. And you do it without any government help or intervention. Hong Kong is an example of a free market.

VII. Прочтите текст. Выпишите предложения с модальными глаголами и их эквивалентами и переведите их письменно на русский язык.

Marketing starts in a market, where individuals or organized groups who want to buy goods or services meet people who want to sell them. The buyers must have money to spend and willingness to spend it, or a product or service they themselves are willing to trade. The sellers must have what the buyers want. The first step in marketing is to understand these groups. The marketers must determine the number of buyers, what they want to buy, how, when and where they want to buy it, at what price and what they expect from it.Techniques of research have been developed to supply this infor-mation.Of course, marketers have to decide which needs they want to meet. A concept for a product or service may develop long before any marketing research is done, or it may be a response to identifying needs.
In part, at least, marketing determines what products and services are to be offered. Historically, marketing experts were supposed to sell any product in any way possible. The techniques of marketing research have now given markets new ways to learn and analyse the needs and wants of consumers. They can now play a critical role in determining what - as well as how - to market. Most large companies now produce only what their market researchers tell them to sell.
All products were new at one time. Today, a product is new if it is unique, or if it is new for the manufacturer who is entering the market to challenge the existing competition, or if it has had enough substantial design modifications to make it a new product issue. For the manufacturer, merchandising includes selecting the products to be produced, deciding on the size, apperaance, form and packaging; and «having the right goods at the right place at the right time at the right price».

VIII. Прочитайте 2 письма, переведите их устно на русский язык, обращая внимание на выделенные слова, которые нужно выучить.

Wilson & Со, LTD, 15 Leadenhall Street, London, E.C. 3, England.
20th March, 20...
Dear Sirs,

Further to our conversation with your Sales Manager during the Exhibition of electronic equipment at Olympia in London we shall be obliged if you send us your quotation for the Model R 800 computer.

Please let us know if you can supply us with three computers and quote your best prices. Delivery will be required within two months after we place the order. If you can guarantee prompt delivery and can quote really competitive prices we shall be able to place an order with your company. We would also like to know when our specialists could be sent to your country to be trained as operators and programmers.
We are looking forward to hearing from you soon and hope that our future business relations will be of mutual benefit.

Yours faithfully, Rosimport

After Wilson & Co had studied the enquiry of Rosimport they sent the following reply:

The Russian trade Delegation, 32 Highgate, Westhill, London, N. 6, England.
5th April, 20...

Dear Sirs,
Thank you for your enquiry of the 20th March 20.., in which you inform us that you are interested in purchasing the Model R 800 computers from us. We enclose with the letter all particulars concerning technical characteristics of this model.Our company enjoys a first-class reputation and our products are exported to many countries. We have had to develop special features in our computers to satisfy market demands. Now our computers are widely known in many countries of Europe and Asia. We are happy to inform you that we can meet your quantity requirements and offer you three computers at the price of ... per unit.

The price includes packing. We are sure that at this price our computers are the best on the world market. We can promise delivery in two months if we receive your order immediately. We hope the information will be helpful; however, if the further information is required, please do not hesitate to contact us. We hope you will be able to accept our offer and look forward to your future cooperation with us.

Yours faithfully, Wilson & Co., LTD

IX. Напишите свое деловое письмо аналогичного характера, используя изученную Вами лексику.